O030 - BEYOND THE DIET: SERUM AMINO ACID IMBALANCES AS MARKERS OF PREECLAMPSIA PATHOGENESIS

O030

BEYOND THE DIET: SERUM AMINO ACID IMBALANCES AS MARKERS OF PREECLAMPSIA PATHOGENESIS

I. S. Gezer^1,2,*, H. Altinsoy³, A. G. Bastemur³, O. Dogan⁴, A. Tanacan³, F. D. Ocal³, D. Sahin³, N. Yazihan^1,5

¹Interdisciplinary Food, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition Department, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, ²Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Avrasya University, Trabzon, ³Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, ⁴Department of Medical Biochemistry, ⁵Department of Pathophysiology, Internal Medicine Division, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye

Rationale: While altered amino acid (AA) metabolism is implicated in preeclampsia (PE), the specific relationship and potential discrepancies between maternal dietary AA intake and circulating serum profiles remain poorly understood. Clarifying these independent risk factors offers valuable insights for identifying novel biomarkers and developing targeted nutritional interventions.

Methods: This case-control study included 84 pregnant women (27 PE, 57 controls). Maternal serum AA profiles were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Dietary AA intake was assessed via three-day dietary recalls, and usual intake was estimated using the Multiple Source Method (MSM) to correct for within-person variability. The potential of AA as a risk factor was evaluated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and key mechanisms involved in AA metabolism were identified through pathway analysis.

Results: Dietary assessment uncovered an altered AA pattern (AUC>0.8), with low intake of arginine, alanine, glycine, glutamic acid, histidine, proline, serine, threonine, and tryptophan, alongside high branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and leucine consumption. Although total protein intake was lower in PE, animal protein intake was higher. Concurrently, serum glutamine, asparagine, phenylalanine, 3-methylhistidine, cysteine, threonine, valine, BCAAs, EAAs, and aromatic AAs (AUC>0.8) were identified as potential PE risk factors. Our results establish that dietary and serum AA changes are independent risk factors, providing a comprehensive etiological model of PE.

Image:

Conclusion: This study showed that a dietary imbalance in specific AAs represents a modifiable risk factor for PE. This finding, alongside an altered serum AA profile, opens new avenues for targeted nutritional interventions in high-risk pregnancies.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared