PP281 - NUTRITIONAL RISK AND DISEASE-RELATED MALNUTRITION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED 3- AND 9-YEAR MORTALITY IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CENTER IN SPAIN

PP281

NUTRITIONAL RISK AND DISEASE-RELATED MALNUTRITION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED 3- AND 9-YEAR MORTALITY IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CENTER IN SPAIN

J. Olivares Alcolea^1,*, P. Sanchis², L. Ayala³, A. Sanmartin¹, A. Sanz⁴, L. Masmiquel³ on behalf of Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa)

¹Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, ²Biochemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balers, ³Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Son Llàtzer, Palma, ⁴Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain

 

Rationale: Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) affects 20–50% of hospitalized patients and has been proposed as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. However, its long-term prognostic impact in patients with diabetes mellitus remains insufficiently characterized

 

Methods: In this prospective study, we evaluated the impact of nutritional risk within the first 24 hours of hospital admission using NRS-2002, MNA-SF, MUST, and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Global malnutrition was defined as positivity by any screening tool. DRM was diagnosed according to ESPEN criteria, without assessment of body composition. The association of nutritional risk, DRM, and their individual components with all-cause mortality at 3 and 9 years was analyzed in patients with diabetes mellitus.

 

 

Results: A total of 111 patients were included (56.8% men; mean age 69 ± 13 years; BMI 28.5 ± 5.8 kg/m²). Median recent weight loss was 0.0 [0–5.6] kg, and 36% of patients exhibited reduced muscle mass, assessed by calf circumference adjusted for BMI. Global nutritional risk was identified in 57.7% of patients, whereas the prevalence of DRM according to ESPEN criteria was 2.7% (n = 3). All-cause mortality reached 23.4% at 3 years and 52.3% at 9 years. Survival analysis showed that only global malnutrition (p = 0.026) and malnutrition assessed by SGA (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with increased mortality at 3 years. No significant association was observed at 9 years.

 

 

Conclusion: Nutritional risk is highly prevalent among hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus. Nutritional risk and disease-related malnutrition assessed by SGA at admission are associated with increased short- to mid-term mortality, reinforcing the prognostic relevance of early nutritional assessment in this population.

 

Disclosure of Interest: None declared