P825 - UNRAVELING NUTRITIONAL DEFICITS IN ALS: A MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

P825

UNRAVELING NUTRITIONAL DEFICITS IN ALS: A MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

N. C. Iglesias¹, Í. Hernando^1,*, L. A. Calles¹, O. Monasterio¹, E. Etxeberría¹, M. J. Rodriguez¹ on behalf of ALS unit

¹Endocrinology, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain

Rationale: Nutritional status plays a crucial role in the progression and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Traditional assessment methods often fail to capture both morphological and functional alterations comprehensively. This study aims to evaluate the morphofunctional nutritional status of ALS patients to enhance clinical management.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including ALS patients at different disease stages. Nutritional assessment comprised body composition analysis via Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) and functional status evaluation through the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R). Statistical correlations were determined between morphofunctional parameters and mortality.

Results: We included 240 ALS patients, with a mean age of 65 (±12) years; 45% were female. 73 % of patients had spinal-onset ALS, and 27% had bulbar-onset ALS. The majority were in an advanced stage of the disease, with 50% requiring ventilatory support with NIV and 39% having limited mobility requiring a wheelchair, 34.85% exhibited dysphagia and 14% required percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Baseline ALSFRS-R (n=152) was 39.50 (6.45). Previous studies have shown a correlation between phase angle and survival. This study demonstrates not only this same correlation (n=168) (<-0.5, HR =0.44, p < 0.001), but also a significant correlation between decreaded ALSFRS-R scores (n=82) (< -6.2, HR = 0.34, p < 0.01), antropometric parameters and bioelectrical parameters (n=179) with survival, suggesting BIA as a potential marker of functional decline.

Conclusion: Morphofunctional nutritional assessment provides a more comprehensive evaluation of ALS progression. Bioelectrical impedance emerge as promising, non-invasive tool for early detection of nutritional risk and prediction of motality. These findings support the integration of targeted nutritional interventions to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared