PD026 - EFFECT OF PREOPERATIVE NUTRITIONAL AND SARCOPENIA STATUS ON POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING

PD026

EFFECT OF PREOPERATIVE NUTRITIONAL AND SARCOPENIA STATUS ON POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING

S. Pandey^1,*, Y. Mehta², S. Chopra¹, M. K. Singh³, C. Shekhar ², N. Trehan⁴, A. Bhan⁵, K. Kaur¹

¹Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, ²Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, ³Clinical Research , ⁴CTVS, ⁵Heart Institute Cardiac surgery , Medanta Hospital, Gurugram, India

Rationale: Malnutrition and sarcopenia are increasingly recognized as significant determinants of adverse postoperative outcomes. The Objective of our study was to assess the association between preoperative nutritional status and sarcopenia with postoperative outcomes (PO) in patients undergoing elective CABG.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 150 adult patients undergoing elective CABG. Preoperative nutritional status was evaluated using Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). Sarcopenia assessment was performed using handgrip strength (HGS), SARC-C questionnaire, and musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MKUS) of the rectus femoris muscle. PO included LOS, duration of ICU stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, PO complications. Statistical analyses included correlation and comparative tests.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 60 ± 9.7 years. Nutritional risk was identified in 13.7% of patients using NRS and in 71% using PNI.  Sarcopenia risk identified was SARC-C (32.7%), MKUS Y-axis (15.3%), and CSA (76.7%).

NRS score showed a moderate positive correlation with LOS (r = 0.299, p < 0.001).In contrast, MKUS Y-axis and CSA, demonstrated significant inverse correlations with LOS (p < 0.05), suggesting that reduced muscle mass is associated with delayed recovery. HGS declined significantly during hospitalization (p < 0.001), reflecting perioperative functional deterioration. SARC-C questionnaire did not demonstrate a significant association with PO outcomes.

Conclusion: Preoperative nutritional status and reduced muscle mass are significant predictors of prolonged hospitalization in patients undergoing CABG. Ultrasound-based assessment of sarcopenia provides objective and clinically relevant information that may enhance perioperative risk stratification. 

Disclosure of Interest: None declared