P744 - INCIDENCE OF SARCOPENIC OBESITY IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIORENAL DISEASE

P744

INCIDENCE OF SARCOPENIC OBESITY IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIORENAL DISEASE

M. Alvarez Martín^1,*, R. Fernández Jiménez ², I. Martín Pérez¹, A. Cayuela García¹, I. Vegas Aguilar ², M. D. M. Amaya Campos², C. Jimenez Rubio², M. Jiménez Villodres², J. M. García Almeida²

¹Servicio Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Cartagena, Murcia, ²Servicio Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain

Rationale: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a condition characterized by the coexistence of sarcopenia (reduced muscle mass and function) and obesity (excess body fat). In patients with heart failure (HF), it is associated with increased chronic inflammation and worse prognosis, while in chronic kidney disease (CKD), it contributes to disease progression, higher mortality, and poor response to treatments such as dialysis. Therefore, early identification is crucial in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of SO in patients with cardiorenal disease.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 84 patients from the Cardiorenal-Metabolic Unit at Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga (Spain), between February 2022 and June 2023. Variables collected included age, sex, HF severity assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), CKD stage according to KDIGO (G1 to G5), handgrip strength, and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA), including fat mass (FM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). SO was defined according to the ESPEN-EASO consensus statement. Data were analyzed using Jamovi v2.6.26.

Results: Of the 84 patients studied, 27 (43.5%) had dynapenia, 34 (40.5%) showed elevated FM, 19 (22.6%) had low ASMI, and 65 (77.4%) had low SMM. Eight patients (9.5%) were diagnosed with SO, including six women and two men, with a mean age of 74 ± 12 years. Among SO patients, 37.5% had CKD stage 3B, 62.5% had stage 4, and 75% had a preserved LVEF (>50%).

Conclusion: SO was identified in 9.5% of the patients, predominantly in women with preserved cardiac function and moderate to advanced CKD. Further studies are needed to support these findings and to develop early detection and treatment protocols for SO to improve clinical outcomes in this patient group.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared