PD700 - EARLY MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATUS DECLINE PREDICTS 12-MONTH MORTALITY IN ACUTE LEUKEMIA PATIENTS UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPY

PD700

EARLY MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATUS DECLINE PREDICTS 12-MONTH MORTALITY IN ACUTE LEUKEMIA PATIENTS UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPY

B. del Arco Romualdo¹, V. K. Doulatram-Gamgaram ¹, M. García Olivares², L. Dara Rovelle², M. J. TAPIA GUERRERO^1,*, C. Díaz Aizpún ³, G. García Olveira¹

¹Endocrinology and Nutrition, HRUM, ²Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Quiron Salud Málaga, ³Hematology, HRUM, Málaga, Spain

Rationale: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with acute leukemia and is frequently underdiagnosed. This study aimed to evaluate whether early morphofunctional assessment using GLIM criteria, bioelectrical impedance, muscle strength, and ultrasound predicts 12-month mortality.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study including 52 adults with newly diagnosed acute leukemia, recruited between November 2022 and November 2024 in two tertiary centers in Málaga, Spain. Nutritional status was defined according to GLIM criteria. Morphofunctional assessment included: Phase angle (PhA) obtained by bioelectrical impedance vector analysis, Handgrip strength (HGS) measured by dynamometry and Rectus femoris muscle ultrasound.

Patients were evaluated at diagnosis and reassessed after induction therapy, prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The primary outcome was 12-month mortality. Associations were analyzed using logistic regression and ROC curve analysis.

Results: At diagnosis, 65% of patients met criteria for malnutrition. Following induction therapy, a significant deterioration in body composition and muscle parameters was observed, including reductions in phase angle, body cell mass, skeletal muscle mass, and rectus femoris cross-sectional area.

Baseline malnutrition was independently associated with increased 12-month mortality (OR 6.88; 95% CI 1.17–40.38). Additionally, a decline in phase angle ≥0.90° during follow-up emerged as an independent predictor of mortality.

Conclusion: Early morphofunctional evaluation enables identification of patients at high nutritional and functional risk. A reduction in phase angle during treatment is strongly associated with mortality, highlighting the importance of early and individualized nutritional interventions in acute leukemia management.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared