PD788 - PREOPERATIVE BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT USING BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS AND ITS IMPACT ON PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH RECTAL CANCER

PD788

PREOPERATIVE BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT USING BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS AND ITS IMPACT ON PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH RECTAL CANCER

K. Shiraishi^1,*, S. Furuya¹, T. Nakayama¹, K. Takiguchi¹, R. Saito¹, W. Izumo¹, S. Maruyama¹, K. Shoda¹, H. Amemiya¹, Y. Kawaguchi¹, D. Ichikawa¹

¹First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan

Rationale: In rectal cancer, postoperative changes in body composition are difficult to predict, and the impact of preoperative nutritional status remains unclear. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) enables simple, non-invasive assessment of body composition. We investigated whether preoperative body composition and nutritional parameters predict perioperative complications.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 78 patients who underwent curative rectal cancer surgery (2020–2022). Body composition was assessed preoperatively using BIA (InBody 720), including BMI, total and skeletal muscle mass, and fat mass. Nutritional markers (Alb, NLR, PNI) were evaluated.
Complications were graded using the Clavien–Dindo classification; Grade ≥II defined overall and Grade ≥III severe complications.

Results: Median age was 69 years; 57 patients were male. Surgical approaches were robotic (n=40) and laparoscopic (n=38).
Mean BMI was 22.7 kg/m² and skeletal muscle mass 24.0 kg.
Grade ≥II complications occurred in 22 patients and Grade ≥III in 10. Hypoalbuminemia (Alb <3.5 g/dL) and low skeletal muscle mass were significantly associated with postoperative pneumonia (p < 0.05). Severe complications were significantly more frequent in patients with BMI <17 (p < 0.05).Patients with both hypoalbuminemia and low muscle mass showed the highest complication rates, suggesting a combined effect of malnutrition and sarcopenia.

Conclusion: Preoperative malnutrition, low serum albumin levels, and reduced skeletal muscle mass were significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications, particularly pneumonia, in patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery. BIA-based body composition assessment may be useful for perioperative risk stratification and for optimizing nutritional and exercise interventions to reduce complications.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared