P830 - SARCOPENIA IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS, AND IMPACT ON FUNCTIONAL AND RESPIRATORY DECLINE.

P830

SARCOPENIA IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS, AND IMPACT ON FUNCTIONAL AND RESPIRATORY DECLINE.

M. T. Zarco-Martín^1,*, M. D. C. Andreo-López¹, M. S. Yagui-Beltrán¹, R. Rodríguez-Juárez¹, J. García-Sánchez¹, M. L. Fernández-Soto¹

¹Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio., Granada, Spain

Rationale: Sarcopenia is a well-recognized condition characterized by skeletal muscle loss and functional decline; however, its prevalence, risk factors, and clinical impact in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remain poorly understood. Our aim is to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in ALS patients and its association with functional decline, nutritional status, and respiratory impairment.

Methods: Cross-sectional prospective observational study in patients with ALS. The study included sociodemographic variables, bioactive cell mass index(BCMI), phase angle(PA), extracellular water(ECW), handgrip strength(HGS). Respiratory status include forced vital capacity(FVC) and use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation(NIMV). Sarcopenia diagnosis was assessed with EWGSOP2 criteria. Statistical study by SPSS v.25. Statistical significance p<0.05.

Results: 40 ALS patients(67% males) were included, with a mean age of 66±10.5 years. Sarcopenia prevalence was 25%, with 42% malnutrition prevalence, of whom 90% also met sarcopenia criteria. A statistically significant difference was observed between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients detailed in table 1(p<0.05). NIMV use was significantly higher in sarcopenic patients (60% vs. 10%,p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified malnutrition as the strongest predictor of sarcopenia(OR:25,p<0.05). Additionally, an increase of PA(OR:0.8), BCMI(OR:0.4), %FVC(OR:0.9),  ALSFRS-R(OR:0.85) and %ECW(OR:1.2) were significant (p<0.05) risk factors for sarcopenia.

Table 1. Differences between sarcopenia diagnosis. 

Results are expressed as mean ± SD

Conclusion: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in ALS and closely linked to body composition, functional and respiratory deterioration. 

Disclosure of Interest: None declared