P1052 - COMBINED ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL AND ORAL FRAILTY STATUS PREDICTS POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN OLDER SURGICAL PATIENTS: A PILOT COHORT STUDY

P1052

COMBINED ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL AND ORAL FRAILTY STATUS PREDICTS POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN OLDER SURGICAL PATIENTS: A PILOT COHORT STUDY

H. Murata^1,*, H. Seki²

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Kyorin University Faculty of Health Science, ²Department of Anesthesiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Rationale: Nutritional risk and oral frailty are each linked to adverse postoperative outcomes in older adults, but their combined effect is not well studied. This study investigated whether assessing both factors improves prediction of complications. 

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 200 patients aged ≥65 years who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia at Kyorin University Hospital. All were referred to the Perioperative Management Center and assessed preoperatively by anesthesiologists. Patients were included based on anesthesiology consultation dates from July 5 to October 1, 2021. Nutritional risk was defined as GNRI <98; oral frailty was assessed via OFI-8 (score ≥4). Patients were classified into four groups by presence/absence of nutritional risk and oral frailty. The primary outcome was in-hospital postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥II), evaluated by surgeons or anesthesiologists. Patients unable to complete interviews were excluded. Statistical analyses included chi-square test, residual analysis, and logistic regression. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee. 

Results: The mean age was 75.4 ± 6.2 years; 52.5% were male. Nutritional risk and oral frailty were observed in 35.0% and 42.0% of patients, respectively. Complications occurred in 32.0% overall. Rates differed among groups (p=0.008). The combined group had the highest rate (50.0%), followed by the nutritional risk-only group (45.0%). Logistic regression showed higher odds in the combined (OR 3.47, 95%CI 1.42–8.50, p=0.007) and nutritional risk-only groups (OR 2.84, 95%CI 1.25–6.47, p=0.013), versus the neither group. 

Conclusion: The combination of nutritional risk and oral frailty is a strong predictor of postoperative complications in older patients. Preoperative screening of both factors may improve perioperative care.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared