P216 - SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF THE KETOGENIC AND LOW-CALORIE DIET ON KETOMETABOLISM AND LIPID METABOLISM

P216

SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF THE KETOGENIC AND LOW-CALORIE DIET ON KETOMETABOLISM AND LIPID METABOLISM

F. Bahrami¹, E. Buetler², K. Freiburghaus¹, P. Seubnooch¹, J. Maurer³, C. Flück⁴, R. Wiest², M. Masoodi^1,*

¹Clinical Chemistry, ²Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, ³Service of Clinical Pharmacology, University hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, ⁴Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Rationale: The restriction of carbohydrate intake in the ketogenic diet (KD) lowers the insulin level, which leads to the breakdown of the stored fat for energy production. Therefore, the KD causes an increase in lipolysis and an elevation in circulating free fatty acids. This study aimed to investigate the effect of KD in comparison to low-calorie diet (LCD) on promoting fatty acid oxidation and improving dyslipidemia.

Methods: We assessed the outcomes of these two diets, KD and LCD, on ketogenesis, circulating intact lipids, bile acids, neuropeptides, intestinal and pancreatic peptides, and the gut microbiota. Specifically, we examined the metabolite concentrations in plasma and duodenal aspirates collected from healthy volunteers before and after dietary intervention.

Results: Our results revealed a significant increase in ketone body concentrations, particularly 3-hydroxybutyric acid, with average increases of 10-fold for KD and 2-fold for LCD. Additionally, the concentration of several triglyceride (TAG) species decreased by up to 98.3% and 99.1% for KD and LCD, respectively; however, these reductions were only statistically significant for LCD. Short-term KD (3 days) led to an increase in baseline pancreatic polypeptide concentrations, suggesting a potential appetite-suppressing effect. No significant changes were observed in the baseline or postprandial kinetics of bile acid species during the KD intervention.

Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings suggest that the ketogenic diet, while less restrictive than the low-calorie diet, has a greater impact on fatty acid oxidation and ketometabolism. Additional studies are required to evaluate the long-term impact of these dietary interventions.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared