LB074 - THE EFFECT OF CHANGING WHAT OR WHEN YOU EAT ON DIET QUALITY OVER 6-MONTHS IN PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: EXPLORATORY ANALYSES FROM THE DIETRE STUDY

LB074

THE EFFECT OF CHANGING WHAT OR WHEN YOU EAT ON DIET QUALITY OVER 6-MONTHS IN PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: EXPLORATORY ANALYSES FROM THE DIETRE STUDY

E. Cook¹, Z. Siviour¹, L. Mitchell², S. Legrand³, H. Ng³, B. E. Radford¹, R. C. Hall¹, I. W. K. Kouw⁴, R. D. Johnston⁵, J. A. Hawley¹, T. A. McCaffrey³, B. L. Devlin⁶, E. B. Parr^1,*

¹Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, ²Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, ³Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, ⁴Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands, ⁵SPRINT Research and Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, ⁶School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

Rationale: Improving diet quality is important for health, especially for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Time-restricted eating (TRE), where eating is reduced to 8-10 h window per day, may improve diet quality. We explored the effect of receiving TRE advice versus individualised dietetic advice (DIET) on diet quality over 6-months in people with T2D. 

Methods: In a parallel group, randomised controlled trial, 43 participants with T2DM (17 F/26 M; age 56 ± 8 y; BMI: 32 ± 4 kg/m²; HbA1c: 7.6 ± 0.8%) completed a 6-month intervention. Participants were randomly assigned to TRE (1000-1900 h) or DIET, receiving four consultations over four months. Diet quality was assessed using Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults (HEIFA; score = 0-100 (where higher = higher diet quality); Roy et al., Nutrition, 2016) from 5-days of food records collected at baseline and 6-months. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models, assessing effects of group and time.

Results: Average total HEIFA score did not improve in either group (TRE: baseline: 50 ± 9, 6 mo.: 48 ± 9; DIET: baseline: 49 ± 10, 6 mo.: 50 ± 8), but 29% of TRE and 45% of DIET participants improved total HEIFA scores. A main effect of intervention (p=0.04) and a trend for an intervention × time effect (p=0.08) was observed for vegetable serves, where the DIET group had higher vegetable consumption and maintained their vegetable intake (serve, Δ=-0.1 ± 2.1) from baseline to 6 months. 

Conclusion: Despite only being provided diet timing advice, nearly one-third of TRE participants improved diet quality, with closer to half of those receiving individualised dietetic advice. These findings suggest the need for increased support to facilitate greater dietary behavioural change in individuals with T2DM. As TRE was not detrimental to diet quality, it could be used as an initial strategy prior to intentional dietetic advice.

References: Roy, R., Hebden, L., Rangan, A., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2016). The development, application, and validation of a Healthy eating index for Australian Adults (HEIFA-2013). Nutrition, 32(4), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.10.006

Disclosure of Interest: E. Cook: None declared, Z. Siviour: None declared, L. Mitchell: None declared, S. Legrand: None declared, H. Ng: None declared, B. Radford: None declared, R. Hall: None declared, I. Kouw: None declared, R. Johnston: None declared, J. Hawley: None declared, T. McCaffrey: None declared, B. Devlin: None declared, E. Parr Grant / Research Support from: Diabetes Australia Research Program Grant (20YG-PARE)