PD535 - MALNUTRITION IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF PREVALENCE AND UNDERLYING CAUSES AT INITIAL SPECIALIZED CARE

PD535

MALNUTRITION IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF PREVALENCE AND UNDERLYING CAUSES AT INITIAL SPECIALIZED CARE

N. C. RODRIGUEZ MOGUEL^1,*, I. A. Osuna- Padilla¹, L. C. Rivas-Hernández², G. I. Centeno-Sáenz³

¹Departamento de Nutrición Clínica, ²Clínica de Fibrosis Quística, ³Centro de Investigación en Tabaquismo y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico

Rationale: Malnutrition affects up to 50% of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in developing countries, adversely impacting clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and main causes of malnutrition in patients attending their first nutritional consultation at a specialized CF center.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed nutritional status and body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis. In adults, malnutrition was diagnosed according to GLIM criteria. Low body mass index (BMI) was defined as <20 kg/m² in individuals <70 years, and reduced muscle mass as fat-free mass index (FFMI) <15 kg/m² in women and <17 kg/m² in men. The etiological criterion was based on presumed CF-related inflammation. Muscle function was evaluated using handgrip strength (HGS), with low values defined as <27 kg for men and <16 kg for women.

In pediatric patients, malnutrition was defined according to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and A.S.P.E.N. criteria, based on z-scores for weight-for-length/height or BMI-for-age. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize categorical and continuous variables.

Results: A total of 27 patients were included (11 pediatric, 16 adults). Malnutrition was diagnosed in 70.4% of the cohort. The causes of malnutrition were multifactorial, with a high prevalence of contributing factors (see Table 1). At the time of assessment, none of the patients were receiving CFTR modulator therapy.

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Conclusion: Malnutrition remains highly prevalent in CF patients in developing countries. Early diagnosis and specialized nutritional intervention are essential to address its multifactorial etiology, including chronic inflammation, pulmonary exacerbations, increased energy requirements, gastrointestinal symptoms, and appetite variability.

Disclosure of Interest: N. C. RODRIGUEZ MOGUEL: None declared, I. Osuna- Padilla Speakers Bureau of: previously received travel support from Fresenius Kabi as part of the Jumpstart Clinical Nutrition Program, as well as speaker honoraria from InBody Co and Nestle Mexico, L. Rivas-Hernández: None declared, G. Centeno-Sáenz: None declared