PP033 - THE INVERSE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PLANT-BASED DIETARY PATTERNS AND PERIODONTITIS IN THE HAMBURG CITY HEALTH STUDY

PP033

THE INVERSE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PLANT-BASED DIETARY PATTERNS AND PERIODONTITIS IN THE HAMBURG CITY HEALTH STUDY

M. Ebinghaus^1,2,*, B. Lieske², K. Borof², E. L. Petersen^3,4, B.-C. Zyriax¹, G. Aarabi²

¹Preventive Medicine and Nutrition; Midwifery Science – Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), ²Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, ³Hamburg City Health Study, Epidemiologic Study Center, ⁴Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

Rationale: Research has demonstrated the role of nutrition in inflammatory processes of many diseases, including the oral inflammatory disease periodontitis, which is a major cause for tooth loss. This study aimed to investigate the association between plant-based dietary patterns and periodontitis, taking into account the quality and quantity of plant-based and animal-based foods.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data of n=10,929 participants from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study. Diet was assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire. With these data, we determined a plant-based diet index (PDI), a healthful PDI (hPDI), and an unhealthful PDI (uPDI), according to Satjia et al.¹ All participants underwent periodontal examination to assess periodontitis stages. We analyzed the association of periodontitis stages with each dietary score in logistic regression models, adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking, diabetes, and body mass index.

Results: We observed higher PDI and hPDI scores in participants with higher education, female sex, lower BMI, a lower prevalence of diabetes as well as Stage IV periodontitis. The opposite trend was found for higher uPDI scores. In logistic regression analyses, the PDI score was significantly associated with decreased odds of Stage IV periodontitis compared to Stage I/II (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97, p=0.014), as was the hPDI score (adjusted OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.95, p=0.004). We found no statistically significant association between the uPDI score and Stage IV periodontitis compared to Stage I/II (adjusted OR=1.10, 95% CI: 0.99-1.22, p=0.063).

Conclusion: A greater adherence to an overall plant-based as well as a healthy plant-based dietary pattern might benefit periodontal health. While these results could inform daily practice of clinicians, further investigation is warranted.

References: 1DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002039

Disclosure of Interest: None declared