PP026 - THE EFFECT OF A NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION ON AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION

PP026

THE EFFECT OF A NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION ON AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION

T. P. Minari^1,*, J. F. Vilela-martin ², J. C. Yugar-toledo², L. P. Pisani¹

¹Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, ²Internal Medicine, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil

Rationale: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides a 24‑hour profile of blood pressure and is superior to office measurements for cardiovascular risk prediction. The long‑term impact of structured nutritional interventions on ABPM in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension remains unclear.

Methods: This 12‑month longitudinal study included 84 adults with T2D and hypertension. Forty‑four participants received a structured nutritional program emphasizing caloric control and dietary quality, while 40 controls continued standard medical care. ABPM was performed at baseline and after 12 months, assessing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during 24‑hour, daytime, and nighttime periods. Statistical analyses were conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05) and multivariable adjustment for sex, age, baseline BP, disease duration, weight, and body mass index (BMI).

Results: The intervention group showed significant reductions in 24‑hour SBP (−11.9 mmHg, p = 0.013), 24‑hour DBP (−6.4 mmHg, p = 0.028), daytime SBP (−10.3 mmHg, p = 0.042), nighttime SBP (−12.0 mmHg, p = 0.017), and nighttime DBP (−10.9 mmHg, p < 0.001). Daytime DBP decreased non‑significantly (−5.4 mmHg, p = 0.070). Results remained consistent after covariate adjustment. Dipping status improved significantly, with more patients converting from non‑dipper to dipper (McNemar p = 0.027).

Conclusion: A structured nutritional intervention produced clinically relevant reductions in ABPM parameters, particularly during sleep, and restored dipping status in patients with T2D and hypertension. These findings support dietary strategies as effective tools to improve circadian blood pressure regulation and enhance cardiovascular prevention in high‑risk populations.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared