P657 - PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SARCOPENIC OBESITY IN PREOPERATIVE PATIENTS

P657

PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SARCOPENIC OBESITY IN PREOPERATIVE PATIENTS

Y. Ogawa^1,2,*, A. Naganuma³, I. Sakamoto⁴, H. Aoki⁵, S. Kakizaki⁶, K. Kusama²

¹Department of Nutrition Management, NHO Takasaki General Medical Center, Ueda, ²Graduate School of Health and Nutritional Sciences,, University of Nagano, Nagano, ³Department of Gastroenterology, ⁴Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, ⁵Department of Nutrition Management, ⁶Department of Clinical Research,, NHO Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Japan

Rationale: Sarcopenic obesity (SO), a coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity, is linked to postoperative complications and poor outcomes. While SO assessment aids in malnutrition risk stratification, its prevalence and characteristics in surgical patients remain unclear. This study investigated the prevalence and clinical features of SO in preoperative patients.

Methods: Using the 2024 criteria from Japanese obesity and sarcopenia societies, patients were categorized into four groups (SO, obesity, sarcopenia, normal) based on BMI, body fat percentage, grip strength, SMI, and BMI-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass. We compared demographics, surgical departments, cancer status, complications, and hospitalization length across groups.

Results: SO was found in 4.6% (24/525), while obesity, sarcopenia, and normal were 22.9% (157/525), 6.7% (35/525), and 59.2% (309/525), respectively. SO patients were significantly older (mean 69.8 years, p=0.0001) than others. No significant differences were observed in sex, cancer prevalence, staging, or complications. Orthopedic conditions were more common in the SO group (12.5%, p=0.043), with orthopedic surgery being the predominant specialty (29.2%, p=0.0003). Hospitalization was longer in the SO group, though not statistically significant.

Conclusion: SO prevalence was lower than previously reported, likely due to stricter diagnostic criteria. Advanced age and orthopedic comorbidities characterized SO patients, highlighting the need for targeted preoperative nutritional strategies.

References:  

1)  Donini LM, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity: ESPEN and EASO consensus statement. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(4):990–1000.                           

2)  Ishii K, et al. Diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity in Japan: Consensus statement of the Japanese Working Group on Sarcopenic Obesity. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2024;24(10):997–1000.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared