P125 - CRUCIAL IMPACT OF WEIGHT LOSS IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS: RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES

P125

CRUCIAL IMPACT OF WEIGHT LOSS IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS: RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES

O. J. Zahariev^1,2,*, L. Havelda^1,2, K. L. Vámossy¹, G. Soós¹, B. C. Budai^2,3, R. J. Reszkető¹, D. Tarján^1,2, M. Lipp^1,2, E. R. Fürst^1,2, Z. I. Bánfalvi^1,2, B. Barna¹, S. Váncsa^1,2, I. Rajci¹, B. Lázár^1,2, P. J. Hegyi^1,2, B. M. Erőss^1,2,4, P. Sahin¹, P. Hegyi^1,2,4,5

¹Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, ²Centre for Translational Medicine, ³Department of Dietetics and Nutritional Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, ⁴Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, ⁵Translational Pancreatology Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center of Excellence for Research Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary

Rationale: Acute pancreatitis (AP) poses a risk for malnutrition, yet inpatient weight loss in AP has not been studied. This study aimed to identify predictors of weight loss during hospitalization in patients with AP.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients admitted with AP to a national tertiary care center over a three-year period starting in October 2021. Body weight was measured on admission and at discharge. Weight stability was defined as a change of -2.5% to +2.5%; changes outside this range were classified as weight loss or gain. We explored associations with demographic factors, pre-existing exocrine and endocrine pancreatic damage, etiology, AP severity, and length of hospital stay.

Results: Of 1,795 admitted patients, 1,018 had data on weight change; 26.2% lost weight and 8.1% gained weight. Men were more likely to lose weight (30% vs 22%). The highest proportion of weight loss (35%) was observed in AP triggered by pancreatobiliary tumors, followed by biliary etiology (30%) and hypertriglyceridemia (28%). Patients with no prior AP attacks experienced weight loss more often (29%) than those with recurrent AP episodes or severe pre-existing pancreatic exocrine damage (21%). Weight loss was observed in 34% of diabetic and 22% of healthy patients. In severe pancreatitis 49% of patients lost weight, which was double the rate observed in mild pancreatitis (23%). Among those requiring hospitalization longer than a week, 55% experienced weight loss.

Conclusion: Male gender, AP severity, prolonged hospitalization, and pre-existing endocrine pancreatic damage (but not exocrine pancreatic damage) are associated with a higher risk of weight loss during hospitalization. AP triggered by pancreatobiliary tumors, biliary etiology, or hypertriglyceridemia carries a greater risk of weight loss compared to other etiologies.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared