P597 - MEDITERRANEAN DIET ADHERENCE AND PHASE ANGLE: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW ON CELLULAR HEALTH AND METABOLIC RISK

P597

MEDITERRANEAN DIET ADHERENCE AND PHASE ANGLE: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW ON CELLULAR HEALTH AND METABOLIC RISK

L. Pegorer^1,*, J. R. Rios¹, A. Bedin-Pochini², G. Giorelli¹

¹Nutrology Academy, Rio de Janeiro, ²Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein , São Paulo, Brazil

Rationale: Phase angle (PhA), obtained via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), reflects cellular integrity and systemic inflammation. Emerging evidence suggests a positive association between Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and PhA across diverse populations, including women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), individuals with obesity, older adults, and patients with chronic conditions

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed using the terms ('Mediterranean Diet' OR 'PREDIMED') AND ('Phase Angle' OR 'Bioelectrical Impedance' OR 'BIA') AND ('Obesity' OR 'obese' OR 'overweight' OR 'Body Mass Index'). Of 37 articles identified (2003–2025), 8 met the eligibility criteria and were included

Results: Women with PCOS exhibited significantly lower PhA compared to controls (5.76 ± 0.71° vs. 6.20 ± 0.79°; p < 0.001), with lower MD adherence associated with increased inflammation. Among women with PCOS and obesity, those classified as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) had higher PhA (5.91 ± 0.53°) than metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) individuals (4.89 ± 0.59°; p < 0.001); low MD adherence (PREDIMED ≤ 4) predicted the MUO phenotype (AUC = 0.926; p < 0.001). In women with obesity, higher PhA was associated with improved GH/IGF-1 axis function (r = 0.392; p < 0.001). In a large sample of healthy adults, PhA correlated positively with MD adherence, independently of BMI (r = 0.667 in men; r = 0.688 in women; p < 0.001), increasing across low (5.2 ± 0.71°), moderate (6.0 ± 0.73°), and high (6.3 ± 0.55°) adherence groups (p < 0.001). Overall, PhA was strongly correlated with the PREDIMED score (r = 0.593; p < 0.001)

Conclusion: Adherence to the MD is consistently linked to higher PhA, suggesting improved cellular function and reduced inflammation. PhA stands out as a clinically relevant biomarker for nutritional and metabolic evaluation.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared