LB029 - EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PLASMA/SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVELS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF VASCULAR DISEASES IN TYPE 1 DIABETES

LB029

EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PLASMA/SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVELS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF VASCULAR DISEASES IN TYPE 1 DIABETES

B. Lin^1,*, C. Macnamara¹, R. Fritzen¹, S. Mills¹, C. McCowan¹, A. J. Stewart¹

¹School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom

Rationale: Magnesium plays a vital role in vascular function and coagulation [1]. Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) often exhibit low plasma magnesium levels, potentially contributing to a pro-thrombotic state and increased vascular risk [1]. This study investigates whether T1DM patients are more likely to have abnormal magnesium levels than matched controls, and whether low magnesium, an underexplored but clinically relevant factor, is associated with a higher risk of vascular diseases.

Methods: This study utilised Electronic Health Records from the National Health Service Scotland (Tayside and Fife). T1DM patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes (E10), and the earliest post-diagnosis plasma magnesium test record of patients was used. Controls were matched 1:3 by age at testing, sex, and socioeconomic status. Magnesium levels were categorised as low, normal, or high using the dataset reference ranges. Differences in magnesium level distribution between T1DM and controls were assessed using pairwise comparisons. Within the T1DM cohort, logistic regression evaluated associations between magnesium status and circulatory system diseases and microvascular complications, adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Results: Pairwise comparisons showed that T1DM patients were nearly twice as likely as controls to have abnormal (low or high) plasma magnesium levels. In the T1DM group, logistic regression revealed that low magnesium was significantly associated with increased risk of venous and lymphatic diseases and microvascular complications, even after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusion: These findings highlight that T1DM patients are more likely to develop abnormal plasma magnesium levels, and low magnesium is independently associated with increased risk of venous and lymphatic diseases and microvascular complications. Monitoring and managing magnesium levels may aid early detection and prevention of vascular complications.

References:         1.  Sobczak, A. I., Phoenix, F. A., Pitt, S. J., Ajjan, R. A., & Stewart, A. J. (2020). Reduced plasma magnesium levels in type-1 diabetes associate with prothrombotic changes in fibrin clotting and fibrinolysis. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 120(02), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402808

Disclosure of Interest: None declared