PP223 - THE IMPACT OF DIETARY INTERVENTIONS ON METABOLIC AND BONE HEALTH IN PATIENTS WITH A PITUITARY TUMOUR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

PP223

THE IMPACT OF DIETARY INTERVENTIONS ON METABOLIC AND BONE HEALTH IN PATIENTS WITH A PITUITARY TUMOUR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

E. te Nijenhuis-Noort^1,* on behalf of Endocrinology / Acromegaly research group, K. Berk¹ on behalf of Endocrinology / Acromegaly research group

¹Dietetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Rationale: Patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) frequently experience hormonal imbalances, negatively affecting metabolic health and quality of life. Dietary interventions may improve comorbidities linked to hormone imbalances in these patients. This review evaluated the efficacy of dietary interventions in improving disease-related comorbidities and overall health in patients with PitNETs.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on January 20th, 2026. Eligible studies included studies on dietary interventions in patients with acromegaly, Cushing’s disease, prolactinomas, or hypopituitarism. Risk of bias was assessed. Outcomes on dietary intake, body composition, metabolic parameters, biochemical control, and bone health  were extracted.

Results: Of 2,256 screened records, eight studies (355 participants) met the inclusion criteria. In acromegaly, an isocaloric very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (VLCKD) reduced IGF-1 levels. In Cushing’s disease, VLCKD or energy‑ restricted diet (ERD) improved BMI and metabolic parameters. In prolactinoma, an ERD with increased physical activity improved weight and biochemical control. In patients with hypopituitarism, an ERD with increased physical activity and sibutramine improved body composition and metabolic parameters. One study demonstrated that vitamin D replacement reduced the risk of vertebral fractures in patients with acromegaly, while another study on Cushing's disease found that vitamin D improved insulin sensitivity and lipid levels.

Conclusion: This review highlights the scarcity of diets in PitNETs, showing promise for low‑carbohydrate and energy restricted diets for improving insulin sensitivity and metabolic parameters, and vitamin D for supporting bone health in patients with functional PitNETs. Larger, randomized trials are needed to elucidate effects on biochemical disease control.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared