P1025 - PREOPERATIVE NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND RISK OF PRESSURE ULCERS IN INFANTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

P1025

PREOPERATIVE NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND RISK OF PRESSURE ULCERS IN INFANTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

N. Tanaka^1,*, S. Ono², T. Takamasu³

¹Department of Dietitics, ²Department of cardiology, ³Department of Community Health Promotion, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan

Rationale: Preoperative malnutrition in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) can influence postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preoperative nutritional status and the development of pressure ulcers.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of neonates and infants under 1 year of age who underwent CHD surgery at Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center between January and December 2023. Patients who received preoperative zinc supplementation were excluded. Preoperative nutritional indicators included  Z-scores for height and weight, and serum levels of albumin (Alb), zinc (Zn). The time to start enteral feeding and biventricular versus single-ventricle classification were investigated. The primary outcome was the presence of postoperative pressure ulcers. Associations between variables and outcomes were analyzed using t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis.

Results: The study included 32 neonates（height Z-scores <-2, 3.1%） and 83 infants（height Z-scores < -2, 22.9%）. Among neonates, pressure ulcers occurred in 3 of 26 biventricular patients (11.5%) and 3 of 6 single-ventricle (SV) patients (50.0%) (p = 0.063). Among infants, pressure ulcers occurred in 19 of 68 biventricular (27.9%) and 6 of 15 SV patients (40.0%). In infants, serum Zn levels were significantly lower in those with pressure ulcers (72.8 ± 12.7 μg/dL) compared to those without (80.9 ± 17.8 μg/dL, p < 0.05). In infants, logistic regression analysis showed that serum Zn (odds ratio 3.3, 95% CI 1.1-10.2, p < 0.05) and serum Alb (odds ratio 10.2, 95% CI 1.0-99.7, p < 0.05) were risk factors for the presence of pressure ulcers.

Conclusion: Pressure ulcers occurred more frequently in patients with single-ventricle physiology. In infants, lower preoperative Zn and Alb levels were associated with the presence of pressure ulcers.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared