PD610 - BEYOND BMI: IDENTIFYING HIDDEN CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK USING WAIST-TO-HEIGHT RATIO AND SARCOPENIC OBESITY PHENOTYPES IN THE COMMUNITY

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PD610

BEYOND BMI: IDENTIFYING HIDDEN CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK USING WAIST-TO-HEIGHT RATIO AND SARCOPENIC OBESITY PHENOTYPES IN THE COMMUNITY

B. N. Shah1,2,*

1Freelance Nutrition, PNC, Priyam Nutrition Care Clinic, 2Gastroenterology, Gujarat Gastro and Vascular Hospital, Surat, India

 

Rationale: BMI may not reflect true cardiometabolic risk, especially with central obesity or sarcopenia. Simple measures like WHtR, calf circumference (CC) and hand grip strength (HGS) may aid early detection. Limited data combine adiposity, muscle status and family history (FH). This study assessed their association with metabolic risk and age.

Methods:  

A cross-sectional study among 157 adults (36% men; mean age 47.24 ± 13.9 years) assessed BMI, WHtR, CC, HGS, age, and FH. Adiposity risk (BMI ≥25 kg/m² with WHtR ≥0.5) and muscle risk (low BMI-adjusted CC: <34 cm men, <33 cm women, with low HGS: <28 kg men, <18 kg women) were defined. Type 2 DM, hypertension(HT), and dyslipidemia were recorded to calculate a metabolic risk score (0–3).Participants were classified into four phenotypes by adiposity and muscle status. .Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, and t-tests. 

Results: Prevalence of T2DM, HT and dyslipidemia was 21.02%, 32.48% and 31.41%; 72.61% had FH. Metabolic risk correlated with age (r=0.48), WHtR (r=0.25) and FH (r=0.23), weakly with BMI (r=0.07), negatively with HGS (r=-0.05) and not with CC (r=0.00).

20.41% with normal BMI had high WHtR; ≥2 conditions were more common with high WHtR (58.09%). Mean risk scores were higher with high adiposity (1.00 vs 0.64, p=0.03), muscle risk (1.37 vs 0.78, p=0.047) and FH (1.00 vs 0.44, p=0.0007).Risk was lowest in normal phenotype (0.54) and highest in combined adiposity and muscle risk (1.86). Regression showed moderate association (R=0.56; R²=0.32, p<0.001). Age, WHtR and FH were significant; HGS was protective; BMI and CC were not.

 

Conclusion: WHtR, age and FH were associated with metabolic risk; HGS was protective. BMI and CC were not significant. Combined adiposity and muscle risk showed highest risk, supporting simple measures for early identification.

Disclosure of Interest: None declared